Apparatus for making gas.



PATENTED APB.. 10, 1906.

L. P. LOWE.

APPARATUS FOB. MAKING GAS.

APPLICATION FILED MAB,.27,1905.

LEON

P. LOWE, IOF SAN FRANCSOO, CALIFORNIA.`

APPARATUS FR MANN@ GAS.

A Speccaton of Letters Patent.-

Patented April 10, 1906.

Application led March 27, 1905. Serial No. 252,224.

To (LZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, LEON P. Lowa, a citizen of the United' States, residin at San Francisco, in the county of San rancisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements inf A aratus for Making Gas, of) which the following is a specification.

Thisl invention relates to improvements in apparatus for generating gas from oil,` the object of the invention being to provide an apparatus of this character in which the fuel shall be utilized to the best advantage and which will be durable in operation from the fact that theparts which are raised to-the highest temperature in the process of making gas are subjected to the least stress in supporting other parts.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a broken vertical section, certain pipes being shown in side elevation, of the apparatus.- Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section thereof n the line A A of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view. t

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a casing lined with refractory material 2, the.

interior of said casing being divided by a wall 3 into two chambers connecting at the top, Where they form a common combustionY and generating chamber 4, each vof chambers being again divided horizontally by arches 5 into an upper chamber 6 and-a lower chamber 7. In each chamber] are a number ofv arches 8, which support looselypiled refractory material 9, and the arches 5 also support loosely-piled refractory material in the upper chambers 6. f

Into the bottom of each lower chamb'er 7 air can be introduced by a pipe 11, and from said bottom the products of combustion can escape through a valve 12 up a stack 13. Also into the top of each chamber 7 steam may be introduced by a pipe 1,4. Oil is introduced above each chamber by a pipe 15. The gas Generated may be taken out from the top of each chamber 7 by a pipe 16 leading to a washer 17.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: In the preparatory part of the process the two chambers are thoroughly supe'rheated by introducing air and oil throu h either or both of the pipes 15 and passing t e products of combustion alternately opposite directions therethrough. Supposlng that in thelast stage of the preparatory process the iiow of the air and products of combustion was in the direction u the left-hand chamber and down the ri ht-fiand chamber, the air, oil-pipe, and stac valves are closed and steam is introduced on the left. Then the oilpipe on the left is opened. The steam, being thoroughly superheated, is commingled with the oil-vapor in the generating-chamber 4 and the commingled steam and oil-vapor pass down through the highlysuperheated material in the .chamber on the right and form a fixed gas, said gas passing out through the gas-pipe 16 on the right. ,After the heat is too low to make gas the steam and oil are shut off from the chamber on the left, the flue 12 on the left is opened,

air is introduced by the air-passage 11 on the right, and the oil is admitted on the right. e air passes u the right-hand chambers 7 and 6, becomes t @roughly heated, and commingles with the oil introduced in the combustion-chamber 4, producing perfect combustion of said oil, the products passing down the chambers 6 and 7 on the left and out through the flue and the stack. After the loosely-piled refractory material in the lefthand chambers 6 and 7 has been sufficiently heated the air is shut off, the stack-valve on the left is closed, and steam is introduced in the place of thel air by the steam-pipe on the right, whichA passing through the looselypi ed refractory material in the upper righthand chamber 6 becomes superheated and mixes with the oil introduced at the top of said. chamber, formin gas which is fixed by passing down thrcug the loosely-piled refractory material in the upper left hand chamber 6, the xed gas passing off by the gas-outlet 16 to the washer. When the heat becomes too low to make gas, the same operation is repeated from the left-hand side.

The advantagesof the above construction are, iirst,`the interior of the casing being divided vertically into two. chambers, on each side of the central wall, each of which chambers contains refractory material, and the products of combustion being taken out below the lowest chamber, the gas-outlet may be located at the top of the lowest chamber, so

that' only the portion of the refractory material above said outlet is used for making gas, while at the same time the residual heat of the refractory material in the lower cham-v ber which is not sufficiently high to make gas can be utilized tol heat the air of combustlon 1 1o IOO IOS

-for the next heating stage of the operation, rl`hus the heat value of the fuel. is utilized to the greatest extent. Secondly, this construe tion enables the heat to be the greatest at .the top oi' the pile oi refractory material,where it has to undergo the least stress in supporting other refractory material, the heat being nearly all extracted at the lower end, so that the wear due to the disintegration. of the rel fractory material under stress at an excessive temperatureis avoided, said material hav l ing then. only to support its own weight. l For the above reasons the lower arches may, if desired, be dispensed with.

l' claim- 1. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a casing, a wall extending from the bottom of the casing to a point near the top thereof and dividing the interior of the casing into two compartments, loosely-piled refractory material in each compartment, a ilue and an air-blast selectively connected with the bottom of each compartment, a gas-outlet pipe connected with the interior of the casing at a point adjacent to a i mediate point of each compartment, a steaml pipe connected thereto at a mediate point l thereof, and an oil-,pipe discharging into the combustion and generating' chamber at' the top of the casing, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination oi a casing, a wall extending from the bottom oi' the casing to a point near the top thereof and dividing the interior of the casing into two compartments, means Jfor dividing each compartment into upper and lower chambers, looselypiled refractory material in each o said four chame bers, a flue and an air-blast selectively connected With the bottom of each lower chamber, a gas-outlet pipe connected with lthe in terior of the casing at a point adjacent to the top or' each lower chamber, a steam-pipe con-` nected .thereto at a point below each upper chamber, and an oilpipe discharging into the erases 1 combustion and generating chamber at the top oi the casing, substantially as described.

3. lin an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a casing, a wall extending from the bottom of the casing to a point near the top thereof' and. dividing the interior of the casing into two compartments, an arch in each compartment dividing the same into upper and lower chan'ibers,loosely piled refractory material in each of said. `four chambers, a flue and an air-blast selectively connected with the bottom. of each lower chamber, a gas-outlet pipe connected with the interior of the casing at a point adjacent to the top oi each, lower chamber, apsteam pipe connected thereto at a point below each upper chamber, and an oil-pipe discharging into the combustion and generating chamber at the top of the casing, substantially as described. l

4. ln an apparatus of the character de scribed,l the combination oi a casing, a wall extending from the bottoni of the casing to a point near thotop thereof and dividing the interior of the casing into two compartments, an arch in each compartment dividing the same into upper and lower chambers, loosely piled refractory material in each of said ioui chambers, a ilue and an air-blast selectively connected with. the bottom of each lower chamber, a gas-outlet pipe connected with the interior oi the casing at a point adjacent to the top of each lower chamber, a steampipe connected thereto at a point below each upper chamber, and an oilpipe discharging into the combustion and generating chamber above each upper chamber, substantially as as described. l

ln witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. 4

L. l. LWE.

Witnesses:

Financie Wnierrr, Bassin Grossmann. 

